Efeito fisiológico do inseticida thiamethoxam na cultura da cana-de-açúcar / Physiological effect of the insecticide thiamethoxam on sugarcane

Com a finalidade de avaliar o efeito fisiológico de thiamethoxam no desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de cana-de-açúcar, foram realizados dois experimentos. O primeiro conduzido em caixas plásticas do tipo gerbox (3,5 x 11 x 11 cm) contendo substrato, aplicou-se thiamethoxam em toletes de cana-de-açúcar, nas doses: 0, 100, 150 e 200 g de ingrediente ativo (i.a.).ha-1. O segundo experimento foi realizado em tubos de PVC (0,2 x 1,20 m), preenchido com solo, utilizaram-se seis doses de thiamethoxam (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250 g i.a.ha-1) em mudas de duas variedades (RB867515 e SP80-1816). Avaliou-se a parte área e o sistema radicular das plantas aos 30 dias após a aplicação do inseticida, no primeiro experimento e aos 130 dias no segundo. Observou-se que no primeiro experimento as características altura, diâmetro e massa seca da parte área não foram alterados em razão da aplicação do inseticida nos toletes de cana-de-açúcar, porém, nos tratamentos com thiamethoxam houve um incremento na massa seca das raízes de até 3,7 vezes mais. No segundo experimento, thiamethoxam proporcionou aumento no diâmetro das plantas e incremento na massa seca das raízes da variedade RB867515 de até 72,69%. No entanto, o comprimento do sistema radicular e a massa seca da parte aérea não foram alterados pela aplicação do inseticida nas mudas.

With the purpose to evaluate the physiological effect of thiamethoxam on the initial development of sugarcane, two experiments were carried out. In the first, carried out in Gerbox-type plastic boxes (3.5 x 11 x 11 cm) containing substrate, thiamethoxam was applied on sugarcane cuttings at the doses of 0, 100, 150 and 200 g of active ingredient per hectare (a.i.ha-1). The second experiment was carried in PVC pipes (0.2 x 1.20 m), filled with soil. Six doses of thiamethoxam (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 g a.i.ha -1) were used on two cultivars (RB867515 and SP80-1816).Roots and shoots were evaluated 30 days after the insecticide application in the first experiment and after 130 days in the second one. In the first experiment it was observed that the height characteristics, diameter and dry mass of shoots did not change through the use of the insecticide on sugarcane cuttings, however, in the treatments with thiamethoxam there was an increase on roots dry mass up to 3.7 times more. In the second experiment, thiamethoxam increased the diameter of shoots and the root dry mass of RB867515 cultivar up 72.69%. However, the length of the root system and the shoot dry mass were not changed by insecticide application in seedlings.

Angling sport fishing in Lobo-Broa reservoir (Itirapina, SP, Brazil) / As pescarias esportivas no reservatório Lobo-Broa (Itirapina, SP, Brasil)

The objective of this paper was to study angling from September, 2002 to September, 2004 in the Lobo-Broa Reservoir, Itirapina, SP (22° 15' S and 47° 49' W). Interviews (total 1,027) with sport fishers were accomplished in the three main fishing sites (Horto, Píer and Praia). This fishing was practiced with a simple fishing rod and reel, mainly in Horto, where the catches and fishing effort were higher. The catches were mainly composed of Cichlidae (Geophagus brasiliensis, Oreochromis niloticus, Tilapia rendalli and Cichla monoculus). We tried to determine which factors (fishing sites, type of baits and season) and the covariate fishing effort, expressed in number of fishing rods multiplied by fishing time, would affect catches, using a 3 way-ANCOVA. The final model showed that only fishing sites and effort determined the captures of sporting fishing in the reservoir. Some measures for managing fishing practices are discussed.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as pescarias esportivas, entre setembro de 2002 e setembro de 2004 na Represa do Lobo-Broa, Itirapina, SP (22° 15' S e 47° 49' W). Foram realizadas 1.027 entrevistas junto aos pescadores esportivos nos três principais locais (Horto, Píer e Praia). Estas pescarias foram praticadas com vara de pescar simples e com molinete, principalmente no Horto, onde as capturas e esforço pesqueiro foram maiores. A captura foi composta principalmente de Ciclídeos (Geophagus brasiliensis, Oreochromis niloticus, Tilapia rendalli e Cichla monoculus). Buscou-se detectar que fatores (locais de pescarias, tipos de isca e sazonalidade) e se a covariável esforço de pesca, expresso em termos de número de varas de pesca multiplicado pelo tempo de pesca, afetavam as capturas, usando uma ANCOVA trifatorial. O modelo final mostrou que apenas os locais de pesca e o esforço de pesca determinaram as capturas das pescarias esportivas na represa. Algumas medidas de manejo para as pescarias foram discutidas.

Effects of acute volemic changes on jejunal compliance in dogs

1. Jejunal compliance (deltaV/deltaP) was calculated from the intraluminal pressures measured in anesthetized dogs in an in situ upper jejunal pouch (40-50-ml capcity) with intraluminal volumes of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ml of fisotonic saline. 2. Measurements were made in the same animal during and after acute sequential alterations of the extracellular fluid (ECF) volume obtained by: a) acute intravenous (iv) infusion of isotonic saline, b) acute hemorrhage, and c) reinfusion of isotonic saline. 3. Expansion of the ECF volume caused a significant, reversible downward shift of the compliance curve, i.e., the jejunal pouch became less receptive to liquid distension. After saline infusion was discontinued, complicance gradually returned to control levels. 4. Acute loss a substantial volume of blood after ECF expansion gradually shifted the complicance curve upwards to levels significantly diferent from control, indicating that retraction of the ECF volume made the jejunal pouch more receptive to liquid distension. 5. Reinfusion of bled animals with saline rather than autologous blood also induced a significant decrease in jejunal complicance to below control levels. 6. The jejunal pouch as a suitable preparation for monitoring in vivo modifications of compliance induced by acute changes in ECF volume, especially when it was nearly "half-full" (i.e., filled with 20 ml), suggesting a critical relationship between the volume capacity of the pouch and its fluid content. 7. These results suggest that the modulation of the jejunal portion os small intestine compliance is involved in the processes that balance the ECF volume during acute life-threatening situations such as accidental hyperhydration or hemorrhage

Acute changes in extracellular fluid volume modify the antroduodenal flow of saline in dogs: a possible physiological role

The antroduodenal (AD) flow of saline was measured in anesthetized dogs following two different protocols of acute changes in extracellular fluid (ECF) volume, ECF expansion by in infusion of saline before or after hemorrhage decreased the AD flow; conversely, hemorrhage before or after expansion increased flow. These alternating modifications in the AD flow are independent of the sequence of volemic changes and may constitue part of the homeostatic responses of the gut to confront life-thratening situations such as accidental hyperhydration or hemorrhage

Operacao combinada: vaginal e abdominal. Uma nova via de acesso facilitada. / Combined operation: vaginal and abdominal. A new easy access way

O autor propoe uma nova via de acesso para se fazer uma operacao combinada: vaginal e abdominal. Depois de corrigir as anormalidades decorrentes dos descensos pelvicos, ele prossegue a operacao como se fosse fazer uma histerectomia vaginal pincando e ligando os parametrios. A fase abdominal da operacao se torna muito facil e curta, nos grandes tumores

Localizacion de la necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum en el cuero cabelludo. / Localization of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum on the scalp

En el presente trabajo se expone la observacion de un enfermo con necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum del cuero cabelludo; a proposito de esta observacion fue hecha una revision de la bibliografia. Fueron encontrados ocho casos ya descriptos, siendo este el noveno caso publicado. Tal casuistica nos permitio poner en evidencia las caracteristicas muy peculiares de la NLD en esta localizacion: a) bajo el punto de vista clinico, las lesiones en el cuero cabelludo habitualmente toman un aspecto esclerodermiforme o cicatricial con acentuada alopecia; b) bajo el punto de vista histopatologico existe gran tendencia a la formacion de granulomas de tipo sarcoidico.Este hecho fue observado con 7 de los 9 enfermos descriptos; c) en la mayoria de los pacientes, quedo en evidencia su relacion con la diabetes; d) en cuanto al sexo, siete de los nueve eran mujeres